De novo assembly of complete Plasmodium falciparum isolate genomes using PacBio HiFi sequencing technology

Plasmodium falciparum possesses a highly structured genome with extensive sequence diversity concentrated in Variant Surface Antigen (VSA) families. These genes (var, rif, and stevor) play key roles in immune evasion and pathogenesis and are difficult to assemble using short-read sequencing technologies. Here, we applied PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing to generate high-quality de novo genome assemblies from 43 P. falciparum parasite cultures originating from community cases in The Gambia. Parasites were culture-adapted, cloned by limiting dilution where possible, and sequenced using high molecular weight DNA extracts. Assemblies from single-genotype lineages were constructed using hifiasm,