Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: a Prospective Cohort Study

BackgroundRecent studies have established an association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). However, the influence of TBI on the sequential progression from a healthy state to CMD, subsequent to cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), and ultimately to mortality remains unclear. MethodsA total of 366,616 participants free of CMD at baseline were derived from the UK Biobank (UKB). CMM was defined as the co-occurrence of [≥]2 CMD, including diabetes mellitus (DM), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and stroke. Cox proportional hazards models and multi-state models were utilized to evaluate the association of TBI with disease transitions from a healthy state to